Azimuthal anisotropy and fundamental symmetries in QCD matter at RHIC

A study of collective behavior in heavy ion collisions provides one of the most sensitive and promising probes for investigation of possible formation of new extreme state of strong interacting matter and elucidating its properties. Systematic of experimental results for final state azimuthal anisotropy is presented for heavy ion interactions at RHIC. Experimental data for azimuthal anisotropy indicate that the final state strongly interacting matter under extreme conditions behaves as near-ideal liquid rather, than ideal gas of quarks and gluons. The strong quenching of jets and the dramatic modification of jet-like azimuthal correlations, observed in Au+Au collisions, are evidences of the extreme energy loss of partons traversing matter which contains a large density of color charges. For the first time, dependence of the jet suppression on orientation of a jet with respect to the reaction plane is found at RHIC experimentally. The model of compound collective flow and corresponding analytic approach are discussed. The possible violations of P and CP symmetries of strong interactions in heavy ion collisions at different initial energies are considered. Thus, now the fact is established firmly, that extremely hot and dense matter created in relativistic heavy ion collisions at RHIC differs dramatically from everything that was observed and investigated before. Research a heavy ion interactions at high energies and search of a new state of strongly interacting matter at extremely high density and temperatures has essential interdisciplinary significance. Study of collective and correlation characteristics of interactions allows to obtain new and unique information concerning various stages of space-time evolution of collision process, to establish fundamental relation between geometry of collision and dynamics of final state formation. In heavy ion collisions, metastable vacuum domains may be formed in the QCD vacuum in the vicinity of the deconfinement phase transition in which fundamental symmetries (P and/or CP) are spontaneously broken. Thus the study of nuclear collisions allows to investigate one of the most important problem of strong interaction theory. Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) of Brookhaven National Laboratory has started to run for physics 2000. RHIC is the world accelerating complex specially designed and intended entirely for researches in the field of the physics of strong interactions. The experimental base of RHIC facility consists of four detectors: small BRAHMS, PHOBOS and large PHENIX, STAR for physics programm with heavy ion beams. Now there are huge bases of experimental data with high statistics for Au+Au(Cu+Cu) at √ sNN = 19.6(22.4)− 200 GeV, for d+Au and p+p at √ sNN = 200 GeV. Also runs have been executed with small integrated luminosity for Au+Au at √ sNN = 55.8 GeV, for p+p